Kwiveki yokugqibela kaJuni kulo nyaka, malunga nabantu abayi-15,000 eJapan bathuthelwe kwizibonelelo zonyango nge-ambulensi ngenxa yesifo sobushushu. Abantu abasixhenxe bafe, kwaye abaguli abangama-516 bagula kakhulu. Uninzi lweendawo zaseYurophu nazo zifumene amaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngokungaqhelekanga ngoJuni, afikelela kwi-40ºC kwiindawo ezininzi. Ngenxa yokufudumala kwehlabathi, amaza obushushu ebehlasela uninzi lweendawo zehlabathi rhoqo kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Abantu abaninzi baye bachatshazelwa ngamaza obushushu.
EJapan, abantu abamalunga nama-5,000 bayafa minyaka le ngenxa yeengozi xa behlamba emakhaya. Uninzi lwezi ngozi zenzeka ebusika, apho imbangela ephambili ibangelwa kukutshisa.
Ubushushu kunye nokusabela kobushushu ziimeko eziqhelekileyo apho ubushushu bendalo bunokubangela umonakalo obulalayo emzimbeni womntu.
Ubushushu kunye nempendulo yoMngcipheko woBushushu
I-Heatstroke ligama eliqhelekileyo leempawu ezenzeka xa umzimba womntu ungakwazi ukuziqhelanisa nendawo eshushu nefumileyo. Ubushushu bomzimba buyanyuka ngexesha lokuzilolonga okanye ukusebenza kwindawo eshushu nefumileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, umzimba uyabila kwaye uvumela ubushushu ukuba buphume ngaphandle ukuze bunciphise ubushushu bawo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umzimba ubila kakhulu kwaye ulahlekelwe ngamanzi netyuwa ngaphakathi, ubushushu obungena nokuphuma emzimbeni buya kuba bungalingani, kwaye ubushushu bomzimba buya kunyuka kakhulu, nto leyo ekhokelela ekulahlekelweni zingqondo kunye nokufa kwiimeko ezinzima. I-Heatstroke ingenzeka kungekuphela nje ngaphandle kodwa nangaphakathi, xa ubushushu begumbi bunyuka. Malunga nama-40% abantu abanesifo se-heatstroke eJapan bayifumana ngaphakathi.
Impendulo yokothuka kobushushu ithetha ukuba umzimba wonakala kukutshintsha kweqondo lobushushu ngequbuliso. Iimeko ezibangelwa kukothuka kobushushu zihlala zenzeka ebusika. Uxinzelelo lwegazi luyenyuka luze luwe, lonakalise imithambo yegazi entliziyweni nasebuchotsheni, nto leyo ebangela ukuhlaselwa okufana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nestroke. Ukuba ezo meko azinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, iziphumo ezibi zihlala zikhona, kwaye ukufa akuqhelekanga.
EJapan, ukufa kwiindawo zokuhlambela kuyanda ebusika. Amagumbi okuhlala kunye namanye amagumbi abantu abachitha ixesha kuwo ayafudunyezwa, kodwa amagumbi okuhlambela adla ngokungafudunyezwa eJapan. Xa umntu esuka kwigumbi elifudumeleyo aye kwigumbi lokuhlambela elibandayo aze angene emanzini ashushu, uxinzelelo lwegazi lomntu kunye nobushushu bomzimba buya kunyuka buze buwe ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ebangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nengqondo.
Xa bejongene nomahluko omkhulu wobushushu kwixesha elifutshane, umzekelo, xa besiya naphaya phakathi kweendawo ezibandayo zangaphandle nezifudumeleyo ngaphakathi ebusika, abantu banokuziva betyhafile, benomkhuhlane, okanye begula. Ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kwee-air conditioners, kuqhelekile ukwenza uvavanyo lokupholisa ebusika kunye novavanyo lokufudumeza ehlotyeni. Umbhali ufumene uvavanyo lokufudumeza waza waziva etyhafile emva kokuhamba naphaya phakathi kwegumbi lovavanyo kubushushu obuyi-10ºC kunye negumbi kubushushu obuyi-30ºC kwixesha elifutshane. Olu yayiluvavanyo lokunyamezela komntu.
Ukuqonda ubushushu kunye nokuqhela
Abantu banezivamvo ezintlanu: ukubona, ukuva, ukuvumba, ukungcamla, kunye nokuchukumisa. Ukongeza, bayaziva ubushushu, iintlungu, kunye nokulinganisela. Izivamvo zobushushu ziyinxalenye yezivamvo zokuchukumisa, kwaye ubushushu nokubanda zivawa zii-receptors ezibizwa ngokuba ziindawo ezifudumeleyo kunye neendawo ezibandayo, ngokwahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwezilwanyana ezanyisayo, abantu zizilwanyana ezimelana nobushushu, kwaye kuthiwa ngabantu kuphela abanokugijima i-marathon phantsi kwelanga elitshisayo lasehlotyeni. Oku kungenxa yokuba abantu banokwehlisa ubushushu bomzimba wabo ngokubila eluswini lomzimba wonke.
Kuthiwa izidalwa eziphilayo ziyaziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo okutshintsha rhoqo ukuze ziqhubeke nobomi kunye nokuphila. Igama elithi 'Adaptation' lithetha 'ukuziqhelanisa'. Izifundo zibonise ukuba xa kushushu ngequbuliso ehlotyeni, umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa bubushushu uyanda, ingakumbi ngosuku lwesibini nolwesithathu, emva koko emva kweveki, abantu baqhele ubushushu. Abantu nabo bayaqhelana nokubanda. Abantu abahlala kwindawo apho ubushushu obuqhelekileyo bangaphandle bunokuba phantsi njenge -10ºC baya kuziva befudumele ngosuku xa ubushushu bangaphandle bunyuka busiya kwi-0ºC. Abanye babo banokunxiba i-T-shirt baze babile ngemini xa ubushushu buyi-0ºC.
Ubushushu obubonwa ngabantu bahlukile kobo bubushushu bokwenyani. Kwindawo yaseTokyo eJapan, abantu abaninzi bavakalelwa kukuba kufudumala ngo-Epreli kwaye kubanda ngoNovemba. Nangona kunjalo, ngokwedatha yemozulu, ubushushu obuphezulu, obuncinci, kunye nobushushu obuqhelekileyo ngo-Epreli nangoNovemba buphantse bufane.
Umoya opholileyo kunye noLawulo lobushushu
Ngenxa yeziphumo zokufudumala kwehlabathi, amaza obushushu ahlasela iindawo ezininzi zehlabathi, kwaye iingozi ezininzi ezibangelwa kukushisa ziye zenzeka nakulo nyaka. Nangona kunjalo, kuthiwa umngcipheko wokufa okubangelwa bubushushu uye wehla ngokusasazeka kwe-air conditioner.
Ii-air conditioner zithambisa ubushushu kwaye zithintele ukurhawuzelelwa bubushushu. Njengendlela yokuthintela ukurhawuzelelwa bubushushu, kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe ii-air conditioner ngaphakathi endlwini.
Ii-air conditioner zilawula ubushushu begumbi kunye nokufuma ukuze zenze imeko ikhululeke, kodwa imeko yobushushu bangaphandle ayitshintshi. Xa abantu besiya benyuka phakathi kweendawo ezinomahluko omkhulu wobushushu, babandezeleka kakhulu kwaye banokugula ngenxa yotshintsho lobushushu kwaye banokonakalisa impilo yabo.
La manyathelo alandelayo angathathwa ukuze kuthintelwe utshintsho olukhulu lobushushu kwixesha elifutshane malunga nokuziphatha komntu.
– Ukuthintela ukusabela kobushushu ebusika, gcina umahluko wobushushu phakathi kwamagumbi ungaphakathi kwe-10ºC.
– Ukuthintela ubushushu ehlotyeni, gcina umahluko phakathi kobushushu bangaphandle nobangaphakathi ngaphakathi kwi-10ºC. Kubonakala ngathi kuyasebenza ukutshintsha useto lobushushu begumbi ngokusebenzisa i-air conditioner, ngokweqondo lobushushu bangaphandle kunye nomswakama obufunyenweyo.
– Xa usiya naphi na ngaphakathi nangaphandle, yenza imeko yobushushu obuphakathi okanye indawo uze uhlale apho okwethutyana ukuze uqhele okusingqongileyo, uze ungene okanye uphume.
Uphando malunga ne-air conditioner, izindlu, izixhobo, indlela abantu abaziphatha ngayo, njl.njl. luyimfuneko ukuze kuncitshiswe umonakalo kwimpilo obangelwa kukutshintsha kobushushu. Kuthenjwa ukuba iimveliso ze-air conditioner eziquka ezi ziphumo zophando ziya kuphuhliswa kwixesha elizayo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Okthobha-19-2022
