Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo kuye kwabonakala ukuba ukuphefumla endlwini kuthathelwa ingqalelo ngakumbi kunangaphambili, ingakumbi ngenxa yokwanda kwezifo ezibangelwa kumoya. Konke oku kuxhomekeke kumgangatho womoya ongaphakathi owuphefumlayo, ukhuseleko lwawo, kunye neenkqubo ezisebenzayo ezenza kube nokwenzeka.
Ngoko ke, yintoni na indlela yokungenisa umoya ekhaya?
Kwabo bangaqhelanga, esi sithuba siza kuchaza yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga nokungenisa umoya ekhaya kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo.
Yintoni Umoya Ongeniswa Ekhaya?
Umoya ongenisa umoya ekhaya kukutshintshana komoya okuqhubekayo kwindawo evaliweyo. Inkqubo yomoya ongenisa umoya isusa umoya ongcolileyo wangaphakathi kwaye ikhuthaza ukungena komoya ococekileyo nococekileyo. Kukho iinkqubo ezininzi zomoya ongenisa umoya ekhaya, kodwa zonke ziwela phantsi kweentlobo ezintathu—umoya ongenisa umoya wendalo, ongcolileyo, nowendlu yonke.
Kutheni Kubalulekile Ukungenisa Umoya Ekhaya?
Inkqubo yokungenisa umoya efanelekileyo ekhaya kufuneka igqibezele imisebenzi emibini:
- Qinisekisa ukuba umoya obolileyo uphuma ngokukhawuleza uye kwindawo engqongileyo ngaphambi kokuba ube yingozi kwimpilo yabantu abahlala apho.
- Faka umoya ococekileyo nococekileyo ophuma kwindawo engqongileyo njengoko umoya ongcolileyo wangaphakathi uphuma
Kutheni oku kunjalo?
Iindawo zangaphakathi zigcina iintlobo ngeentlobo zeegesi. Izixhobo zasekhaya ezifana nezifudumezi zamanzi, izitovu, kunye nezipheki zegesi zivelisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi okwahlukeneyo (kwaye kudla ngokuba yingozi). Umoya owukhuphayo (CO2) nawo uyigesi.
Izinto ezingcolisayo ezifana ne-ammonia, i-nitrous oxide, kunye ne-sulfur dioxide zinokuvela kwimithombo yangaphandle okanye yangaphakathi. Zonke ezi gesi ziyadibana zenze inxalenye enkulu yoxinano lomoya lwalo naliphi na indawo.
Ukuba umoya wangaphakathi awukwazi ukuphuma uye kwindawo engqongileyo, uba manzi, uphelelwe lixesha, kwaye ungabi sempilweni kubantu abahlala endlwini. Ke ngoko, umoya wangaphakathi kufuneka uthatyathelwe indawo ngumoya omtsha ovela ngaphandle ukuze uhlale usempilweni yokuphefumla.
Ngoko ke, injongo yokungenisa umoya kukuqinisekisa ukuba umoya wangaphakathi nowangaphandle uhlala utshintshiselwano ngendlela efanelekileyo ukugcina abantu abahlala kuyo nayiphi na indawo bephilile.
Izindlu zivelisa umswakama omninzi imihla ngemihla nangamaxesha onyaka. Xa umphunga wasekhaya ungakwazi ukuphuma ngokupheleleyo, okanye ukungena komoya kwisakhiwo kuncinci, umphunga wamanzi uya kukhuthaza ukukhula kwesikhunta kwaye usasaze ezinye izinto ezibangela i-allergen.
Ukufuma okuphezulu ngaphakathi endlwini akupheleli nje ekubeni yingozi kubantu abahlala apho. Kukwanegalelo elikhulu kwiindleko eziphezulu zamandla. Oku kungenxa yokuba iinkqubo zokupholisa nezokufudumala zihlala zisebenza nzima kakhulu ukuze abantu bahlale bekhululekile.
Ekubeni sichitha i-90% yosuku ngaphakathi, umgangatho womoya kwiindawo ezivalekileyo kufuneka ube phezulu kangangoko ukuze kuthintelwe iingxaki zempilo.
Iintlobo zoMoya oPhefumlayo eKhaya
Njengoko kuxoxiwe, kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zomoya ongenisa umoya ekhaya: owendalo, ongcolileyo, nowendlu yonke. Makhe sijonge nganye kwezi ndlela, ezinye zeendidi zazo, kunye nezinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga.
Umoya wendalo
Umoya ongenisa umoya wendalo okanye ongalawulekiyo kukutshintshana komoya wendalo ovela ngaphandle nomoya wangaphakathi ngeefestile neengcango.
Yeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo nelula yokungenisa umoya. Njengoko igama layo lisitsho, yeyendalo kwaye ayifuni zixhobo. Ngoko ke, yinkqubo yokungenisa umoya yasekhaya yasimahla logama nje uneefestile neengcango.
Iingxaki zayo ziquka:
Ukungathembeki
Ukufuma okuphezulu
Ukungena Kwezinto Ezingcolisayo
Akukho Migqaliselo noKhuseleko
Umoya ongenileyo
Njengoko igama layo lisitsho, umoya ophumayo uvumela ukutshintshiselana komoya kwindawo ethile endlwini. Umoya ophumayo ususa ungcoliseko lomoya kunye nokufuma okuvela kwiindawo zangaphakathi. Ungadibanisa le nkqubo nomoya ophumayo wendalo okanye ezinye iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya ukuze ufumane umgangatho womoya ongcono.
Umzekelo oqhelekileyo womoya ophumayo kwiindawo zokuhlambela zanamhlanje ziifeni zokukhupha umoya ezikwiigumbi zokuhlambela zanamhlanje ezikhupha umswakama kunye nezo zisekhitshini zokususa umsi wokupheka. Nangona kunjalo, njengomoya ophumayo wendalo, umoya ophumayo kwiindawo zokuhlambela uza neengxaki ezithile.
Okokuqala, inkqubo yokungenisa umoya ayizukwanela indlu yonke kuba isusa kuphela ungcoliseko kunye nokufuma kumthombo. Okwesibini, ukusebenzisa iifeni zokukhupha umoya ixesha elide kuya kunciphisa ukusebenza kwazo. Zisenokuqala ukuvumela ungcoliseko oluninzi ngaphakathi kunokuba zikhupha.
Xa indibaniselwano yomoya wendalo kunye nomoya ophuma kwindawo ethile ingasebenzi kakuhle ekuboneleleni ngomoya ofanelekileyo, umoya wendlu yonke uba lolona khetho lungcono.
Umoya Ongeniswa Yindlu Yonke
Umoya ophuma endlwini yonke yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yomoya ophuma endlwini ukuphucula umgangatho womoya ophuma endlwini. Ngokungafaniyo nomoya ophuma endlwini yonke, unokulawula ukungena komoya ngeenkqubo zendlu yonke. Ngenxa yoko, ungonwabela umoya owaneleyo kwindawo yakho yokuhlala.
Kukho iintlobo ezine zeenkqubo zokungenisa umoya zendlu yonke.
Iintlobo ziquka:
- Umphunga
- Ubonelelo
- Ilungelelene
- Inkqubo yoBuyiselo loBushushu okanye lwaMandla
Makhe sijonge nzulu iintlobo ngeentlobo zeenkqubo zokungenisa umoya zendlu yonke.
Umoya ophumayo kwi-Exhaust
Iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya ezikhupha umoya zithomalalisa umoya wangaphakathi kwisakhiwo ngokukhupha umoya endlwini. Umoya omtsha ungena kwisakhiwo ngee-vents ezingasebenziyo okanye ezinye ii-vents ezinjalo.
Ezi nkqubo zifikeleleka kwaye kulula ukuzifaka. Le nkqubo ineefeni zokukhupha umoya eziqhagamshela kwindawo enye yokukhupha umoya endlwini ukuze zikhuphe umoya. Abaninimzi abaninzi basebenzisa ezi nkqubo kwiindawo zokuhlambela nasekhitshini apho kukho ungcoliseko oluninzi.
Nangona kunjalo, iifeni zokukhupha umoya zinganceda amagumbi amaninzi kwinkqubo yokukhupha umoya ephakathi. Iyunithi yokukhupha umoya ephakathi inefeni engaphantsi komhlaba okanye ephahleni.
Iipayipi zomoya zidibanisa amagumbi ahlukeneyo nefeni (kubandakanya igumbi lokuhlambela nekhitshi), kwaye inkqubo isusa umoya owufumanayo kuwo uye ngaphandle. Ukuze usebenze ngcono, ungafaka ii-flexible passive vents kumagumbi ahlukeneyo ukuze kungene umoya omtsha kwisakhiwo njengoko ii-exhaust vents ziphuma ngaphandle.
Nangona zikho ezi ngenelo, umoya ophumayo ungangenisa ukungcola endlwini kunye nomoya omtsha.
Zinokutsala iigesi ezivela kwizifudumezi zamanzi, kwizixhobo zokomisa, nakwezinye izixhobo zasekhaya ezinokuthomalalisa umoya wangaphakathi. Ngoko ke, xa zisebenza kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha umoya, uya kuba nongcoliseko oluninzi ngaphakathi kwindawo yakho yangaphakathi.
Enye ingxaki yale nkqubo kukuba inokunyanzela iziseko zakho zokufudumeza nokupholisa ukuba zisebenze nzima kuba inkqubo yokungenisa umoya ayinakususa umswakama ovela emoyeni ongenayo. Ngoko ke, iinkqubo zakho ze-HVAC ziya kusebenza nzima ukubuyisa umswakama ophezulu.
Ukubonelela ngoMoya
Bona iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya, ngokuchaseneyo, zisebenza ngokufaka umoya ocinezelweyo ngaphakathi kwekhaya lakho. Umoya ocinezelweyo wangaphakathi unyanzela umoya wangaphandle ungene ekhayeni lakho. Umoya wangaphakathi uphuma kwimingxunya, kwiindlela zomoya ezithintela umoya, nakwezinye iindawo zokungenisa umoya ezikhoyo, ingakumbi ukuba unenkqubo ye-HVAC.
Njengenkqubo yokungenisa umoya ophumayo, ukuhambisa umoya ophumayo kuyafikeleleka kwaye kulula ukuyifaka. Ifuna inkqubo yefeni kunye ne-duct ukuze kufumaneke umoya omtsha emagumbini. Ukuhambisa umoya ophumayo kusebenza ngcono kunokuhambisa umoya ophumayo emagumbini ukuze kubonelelwe umoya osemgangathweni ngaphakathi.
Umoya ophantsi koxinzelelo ususa ungcoliseko, izinto ezibangela i-allergen, i-pollens, uthuli, kunye nezinye iinxalenye ezingena endlwini, ukuqinisekisa ukuba azingeni moya.
Le nkqubo ikwasebenza ngaphandle kokutsala ungcoliseko oluvela kwizifudumezi zamanzi, kwiindawo zokubasa umlilo, nakwezinye izixhobo zasekhaya.
Oko kuthethiweyo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukungenisa umoya ngaphakathi endlini kusebenza kakuhle kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo. Ekubeni le nkqubo icinezela umoya wangaphakathi, inokubangela amazinga aphezulu okufuma endlwini ebusika kunye nobushushu obuphantsi kwigumbi.
Ngelishwa, inokukhuthaza ukukhula kwesikhunta kunye nokubola kwi-attic, iisilingi, okanye iindonga zangaphandle xa umswakama wangaphakathi uphezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuvumela ukufuma.
Zombini iinkqubo zokukhupha umoya kunye nezokuhambisa umoya zinegalelo elibi ekunyuseni iindleko zamandla kuba aziwususi umswakama emoyeni wangaphandle ngaphambi kokuba zingene nakweyiphi na indawo.
Umoya Olinganiselayo
Inkqubo yokungenisa umoya elungeleleneyo ayiwuthomalalisi umoya wangaphakathi okanye iwucinezele. Kunoko, isusa umoya odala kwaye inike umoya omtsha endlwini ngokulinganayo.
Le nkqubo yokungenisa umoya inenzuzo eyongezelelweyo yokususa umoya kumagumbi avelisa ungcoliseko oluninzi kunye nokufuma, njengekhitshi kunye negumbi lokuhlambela. Ikwahluza umoya wangaphandle ngaphambi kokuba uwuthumele endlwini usebenzisa izihluzo ezikhethekileyo.
Le nkqubo isebenza kakuhle ngeefeni ezimbini kunye neepayipi ezimbini. Ifeni kunye nombhobho wokuqala zisusa ukungcola emoyeni wangaphakathi, ngelixa ifeni kunye nombhobho oseleyo ungenisa umoya omtsha endlwini.
Inkqubo efana nale ingabiza kakhulu ukuyifaka ngaphandle kokuba unenkqubo ye-HVAC esebenzayo enokusebenza nayo.
Iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya ezilungeleleneyo ziyasebenza kuyo yonke imozulu. Nangona kunjalo, njengezinye esele sizithethile, aziwususi umswakama emoyeni wangaphandle ngaphambi kokuba ziwuvumele ungene endlwini. Ngoko ke, zinegalelo kwiindleko eziphezulu zamandla.
Iinkqubo zoMoya zoBuyiselo lwaMandla
Iinkqubo zokubuyisela amandla (ii-ERV) zezona nkqubo zokungenisa umoya zisebenzayo neziphucukileyo namhlanje. Indlela eziphefumulisa ngayo indlu inciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla, kwaye ngenxa yoko, iindleko zamandla.
Ngale nkqubo, unganciphisa iindleko zokufudumeza umoya ngexesha lasebusika njengoko ubushushu obuvela kwi-exhaust eshushu yangaphakathi bufudumeza umoya obandayo wangaphandle ongena ekhayeni lakho. Emva koko, ehlotyeni, ibuyisela umsebenzi wayo ekupholiseni umoya ofudumeleyo wangaphandle, inciphisa iindleko zokuphola.
Uhlobo olulodwa olukhethekileyo lwe-ventilator yokubuyisela amandla yi-heat recovery ventilator. I-heat recovery ventilator (HRV) itsala amandla obushushu emoyeni ophumayo ngaphakathi ebusika kwaye iyisebenzisele ukufudumeza umoya ongenayo.
Ii-ERV zisebenza ngendlela efanayo nee-ventilators ezifudumeza umoya. Nangona kunjalo, zinokubuyisa amandla omileyo (ubushushu) kunye namandla afihlakeleyo (avela kumphunga wamanzi). Ngoko ke, inkqubo inokucubungula umoya kunye nokufuma.
Ebusika, inkqubo ye-ERV idlulisela umphunga wamanzi kunye nobushushu obuvela emoyeni wangaphakathi ophumayo ukuya emoyeni obandayo ongenayo ukuze kugcinwe amanqanaba aphezulu okufuma endlwini.
Ehlotyeni, le nkqubo iya kunceda ekulawuleni ukufuma endlwini ngokudlulisa ukufuma emoyeni ongaphandle ongenayo ukuya emoyeni owomileyo ophumayo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Septemba-21-2022
