Mai i Belém ki ia rūma: I raro i te Whakatūpato 2.8°C o te COP30

I te mea kei te ara whakamahana te ao i te 2.8°C pea, e karanga ana a COP30 kia whakatinanahia he tekau tau nui. Ka kawea mai e tā mātou Pūnaha Whakahaurangi Hau Hou ngā mahi āhuarangi ki ngā wāhi o roto o ia rā.

Te Rā: 2025-11-18
Tauwāhi: Haina

Ngā Tohu:

• ● COP30
• ● Ngā tukunga kore-kupenga
• ● Ngā Takoha kua Whakatauhia e te Motu (NDC)
• ● Te kounga o te hau o roto
• ● Pūnaha whakapūhau hau hou
• ● Kakariki me te waro-iti

Whakarāpopototanga o te tuhinga

I te COP30 i Belém, Brazil, kei te whai wāhi te Kotahitanga o ngā Whenua o te Ao me ngā kāwanatanga ā-motu ki ngā whiriwhiringa nui mō te pupuri i te mahana o te ao i roto i te 1.5°C. Ko ngā Takoha ā-Motu (NDC) o nāianei e tohu ana ki te ara whakamahana 2.5–2.8°C, e akiaki ana i ngā rāngai katoa ki te whakateretere i te nekehanga ki te kore-tukunga me te ōhanga pakari ake.

Hei kamupene hangarau matomato, kei te hurihia e mātou ngā whāinga nui mō te āhuarangi hei whakaiti i ngā tukunga me ngā painga hauora tūturu i roto i ngā kāinga me ngā whare mā roto i tā mātou pūnaha hauhautanga hau hou e whai hua ana ki te pūngao, e whakahaeretia ana me te atamai, e whai wāhi ana ki ngā mahi o te ao tūturu ki tēnei COP "e aro ana ki te whakatinanatanga".

COP30 i roto i te Horopaki

I te marama o Whiringa-ā-rangi, i huihui ngā māngai mai i te tata ki te 200 whenua, me ngā kaipūtaiao me ngā kaiārahi o te rāngai tūmataiti, ki Belém, te tāone tomokanga ki te ngahere ua Amazon i Brazil, mō te Huihuinga 30 o ngā Rōpū ki te Anga Whakakotahi o ngā Whenua o te Ao mō te Huringa Āhuarangi (COP30).

He mārama te whāinga o tēnei hui, e kiia ana he "COP e arotahi ana ki te whakatinanatanga":

• ● Hurihia te ūnga 1.5°C hei mahi o te ao tūturu
• ● Arotahi ki te tekau tau tino nui o ngā tau 2020
• ● Neke atu i ngā pepeha anake ki te whakatinanatanga me te tukunga e taea te ine

I raro i te "tikanga ratchet" o te Whakaaetanga o Parī, me whakapakari tonu ngā whenua i ā rātou NDC me te whakakaha tonu i ā rātou ara tukunga. Heoi, e whakaatu ana ngā aromatawai maha:

• ● Ahakoa kua tutuki katoa ngā kupu whakaari o nāianei, kei te anga tonu te ao ki te mahana haere o te 2.5–2.8°C.
• ● He nui ake tēnei i te paepae haumaru ake o te 1.5°C i tautuhia e te hapori pūtaiao.
• ● Kei tawhiti tonu tātou i te karo i ngā ngaru wera nui ake, ngā waipuke me te pikinga o te taumata moana.

Ngā Kaupapa Matua e Toru o te COP30

1. ● Ngā NDC hihiri ake: Te akiaki i ngā whenua ki te tuku i ngā NDC hou e rite ana ki te whāinga 1.5°C.
2. ● Te pūtea āhuarangi kua whakanuia: Te tuku i te iti rawa USD 1.3 trillion ia tau i roto i te pūtea āhuarangi, inā koa mō te whakaiti me te urutau i roto i ngā whenua whakawhanake.
3. ● Whakawhiti tika: Te whakamutu i te whakamahinga o ngā hinu pūmua, me te tiaki anō hoki i ngā mahi me te ōritetanga pāpori, kia tino aro atu ai ngā mahi āhuarangi ki te tangata.

Mai i ngā Whāinga Whakamahana Ao ki ngā Whare me te Hau o ia Rā

Ehara i te mea ko ngā panonitanga taumata-rahi anake i roto i ngā pūnaha pūngao te whakawhiti ki te kore-tukunga kupenga. Ka uru atu hoki ki:

• ● Ngā whare katoa
• ● Ngā hapori katoa
• ● Ia rūma

Kei roto i tēnei ko te "hau ngaro" e warewarehia ana e tātou. Tata ki te 40% o ngā tukunga CO₂ o te ao e ahu mai ana i ngā whare me ā rātou mahi, ā, ko tētahi wāhanga nui o ēnei e ahu mai ana i ngā pūnaha whakamahana, whakamatao me te hauhautanga.

Ki te taea e tātou, i taua wā anō:

• ● Whakaitihia te whakapaunga pūngao mā roto i ngā pūnaha hau hou e whai hua ake ana
• ● Whakapai ake i te kounga o te hau o roto mā te whakahaere atamai ake

kātahi ka taea e tātou te heu marie i taua wāhanga tāpiri o te tohu i roto i ō tātou kāinga me ngā wāhi mahi o ia rā, ka huri i ngā whāinga āhuarangi hei huringa kitea o ia rā.

Tā Mātou Pūnaha Whakapūnga Hau HouTe Hononga o te COP30 ki te Oranga o Roto

Me te maumahara ki tēnei, ka whakamaoritia e mātou te kaupapa matua o te COP30 ki roto i ngā hua motuhake, ka puta ake i te whenua—ko tā mātou pūnaha whakapūmau hau hou matomato o te whakatipuranga e whai ake nei.

Mai anō i te tīmatanga, kua whaia e tā mātou hoahoa hua tētahi whāinga rua, arā, "kore-kupenga + hauora":

• ● Taha kore-kupenga: te whakamahi i ngā motuka hurihuri DC tino whai hua me te hangarau Whakaora Wera hei whakaiti i te whakamahinga pūngao i te wā e whakapūhau ana, me te whakaiti i te tapuwae waro o te pūnaha, me te pupuri tonu i te nui o te hau hou.
• ● Te taha hauora: te whakamahi i ngā pūoko maha hei aroturuki i te CO₂ o roto, te PM2.5 me ngā pūhui waro mimiti (VOC) i te wā tūturu, me te whakarerekē hihiri i te tuku hau kia noho pai ai te hau o roto, kia hauora ai hoki.

Te Whakahaunga i runga i te Tono

I ngā mahi o te ao tūturu, ka taea e tā mātou pūnaha whakapūhau hau hou te whakarerekē i te rere o te hau i runga i te maha o ngā kainoho me te kounga o te hau o roto:

• ● I roto i ngā rūma hui, i ngā akomanga pukumahi, i ngā tari tuwhera rānei, ina piki ake ngā taumata CO₂, PM2.5 rānei, ka whakanuia aunoatia e te pūnaha te tere o te hauhautanga hei "horoi" wawe i te hau poke o roto.
• ● Ina heke te tokomaha o ngā tāngata e noho ana i te whare, i te pō rānei, ka whakaitihia tōna mana whakahaere kia kore ai e pau te pūngao.

Ehara i te mea ka tutuki noa i tēnei kaupapa "hauora i runga i te tono" ngā whakaritenga mō te penapena pūngao me te whakaiti tukunga, engari ka whakarei ake hoki i te wheako kaiwhakamahi whānui.

He Whakawhitinga Kore-Kupenga e Arotahi ana ki te Tangata, me te Manawanui

He mea nui kia whakanuia ko te nekehanga ki te kore tukunga kupenga me te ōhanga pakari kei te piki haere te mōhiotia hei huringa tino arotahi ki te tangata.

Ehara i te mea mō ngā kaupapa pūngao me ngā kaupapa ahumahi nui anake, engari mō ngā wheako manawa o te iwi noa anō hoki:

• ● I te kāinga
• ● I roto i ngā tari
• ● I roto i ngā kura
• ● I roto i ngā hōhipera

Mā te otinga hau o roto he iti te waro, he atamai ake, he hauora ake hoki, ka tukuna e tā mātou pūnaha whakapūnga hau hou he tomokanga tūturu, he wāhi kitea hoki ki tēnei whakawhiti e aro ana ki te tangata me te aorangi:

• ● Ia wā ka tahuri, ā,
• ● Ia whakawhitiwhiti hau e mahia ana e ia

he whakapau kaha ki te hauora whaiaro, ā, he takoha iti anō hoki ki te whāinga 1.5°C o te ao.

Te Tirohanga ki Tua atu i te COP30: Mai i te 2.8°C ki te 1.5°C

Ki te titiro whakamua ki tua atu i te COP30 ki te tekau tau e whai ake nei, ka kore te reo tōrangapū e whakamahia e ngā kaupapa hangarau, te auahatanga hangarau me ngā kōwhiringa a ngā kaihoko.

Ahakoa he NDC ā-motu, he mahere ara kore-kore rānei a ngā kamupene, me whakatinana ēnei wawata katoa mā te whakaputanga o te tini me te mano:

• ● Ngā pūnaha pūngao
• ● Ngā tukanga ahumahi
• ● Ngā wāhi hanga whare

E whakapono ana mātou ka nui haere te hiranga o ngā taputapu matomato, atamai e tohuhia ana e tā mātou pūnaha whakapūhau hau hou, i roto i te kaupapa o te ao ki te neke mai i te 2.8°C ki te 1.5°C.

Mai i Belém ki ngā tāone nui o te ao, mai i ngā whare hui ki ia rūma, kei te huri te mahi āhuarangi hei mea ka taea e tātou:

• ● Tirohia
• ● Pā
• ● Ā, manawahia he hau ma, he hau hou

Tā Mātou Pūnaha Whakahaunga Hau Matomato o te Reanga e Whai Ake Nei

• ● Me whakaiti i te waro me te hauora o ia manawa
• ● Whakauruhia te whāinga 1.5°C ki te oranga o ia rā
• ● Whakamataohia te ao, tīmata mai i te rūma kotahi

Ngā Āhuatanga Matua

• ● Teitei o te whai huatanga o te pūngao: Nā te mea he motuka hurihuri DC me ngā waeine whakaora wera tino whai hua, ka tukuna e te pūnaha he hau hou e ranea ana, me te whakaiti i te whakapaunga hiko, ka āwhina i ngā kaiwhakamahi ki te whakaiti i te whakamahinga hiko me ngā tukunga waro.
• ● Te whakahaere hau atamai: Ka aroturukihia e te huinga pūoko maha-roto ngā tohu matua pēnei i te CO₂, PM2.5 me te VOC i te wā tūturu, ā, ka whakarite aunoa i ngā aratau rere hau me te hauhautanga i runga i te kounga o te hau o roto.
• ● Hauora me te whakamarie: Mā te hoahoa rere pai me te tātari maha-wāhanga ka tangohia ngā matūriki me ngā hau kino, ka whakaitihia te tūponotanga o te parahanga hau o roto, ka whakapai ake hoki i te whakamarie o te manawa.
• ● Te kitea o ngā raraunga: Ka whakaatuhia e ngā papaaho pūkoro me ngā papaaho mata nui te kounga o te hau o roto, te whakamahinga pūngao whakahaere me te whakahekenga tukunga e whakatauhia ana, e whakarato ana i te tautoko tauanga mō te whakaaturanga ESG a te kamupene me ngā momo noho matomato i te kāinga.
• ● Whakaurunga pūnaha: Ka taea te whakauru i te pūnaha ki ngā Pūnaha Aunoatanga Hanga (BAS) me ngā tūāpapa kāinga atamai hei whakatutuki i te whakahaere tahi o te rama, te hauhautanga me te hauhautanga, kia nui ake ai te kaha mō te whakaiti i te waro o te whare katoa.

Te whakataurite ki te COP30

• ● I roto i te horopaki o tētahi COP e arotahi ana ki te whakatinanatanga, te whakamaoritanga i ngā whāinga āhuarangi ā-motu me te taumata tāone ki ngā mahi ka taea te mahi i te taumata whare me te taumata whare.
• ● Te whakaiti i te whakamahinga pūngao whakahaere whare me te whakarato tautoko hangarau mō ngā NDC nui ake te hiranga.
• ● Mai i te tirohanga a te tangata, ka hurihia te whakawhiti kore-kore me te pakari ki roto i ngā taiao hau hauora ake mō ngā kaimahi, ngā ākonga, ngā tūroro me ngā whānau.

Ngā Pātai me ngā Whakautu

1. He aha te COP30?

Ko te COP30 te Huihuinga 30 o ngā Rōpū ki te United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Ka tū ki Belém, he tāone i te raki o Brazil, mai i te 10–21 o Noema 2025.

Ka huihui ngā kāwanatanga, ngā kaipūtaiao, ngā pakihi me ngā māngai o te hapori ki reira ki te:

• ● Aromatawai i te ahunga whakamua i raro i te Whakaaetanga o Parī
• ● Matapakihia me pēhea te whakapakari i ngā Takoha kua Whakatauhia e te Motu (NDC)
• ● Whakatauhia te mahi tahi pūtea me te hangarau e hiahiatia ana hei pupuri i te mahana o te ao i roto i te 1.5°C

2. He aha te hiranga o te COP30?

He mea nui te COP30 mō ētahi take:

• ● Te wā tino nui: Mā te huringa o nāianei o ngā NDC e hanga ngā tukunga o te ao i waenga i te tau 2030 me te tau 2035, te matapihi whakatau mō te pupuri i te "ara ora" 1.5°C kia tata tonu.
• ● Te āputa o te wawata: Ko ngā kupu taurangi o nāianei e tohu ana ki te mahana haere o te pāmahana i te 2.5–2.8°C, he mea kāore i te rawaka.
• ● Te arotahi ki te whakatinanatanga: Me tuku e te COP30 he nui atu i ngā tauākī taumata-tiketike; me whakaputa hoki i ngā mahere whakatinanatanga pūmau mō:
  • ● Ngā whakahekenga tukunga kaha ake
  • ● He tere ake te whakawhiti atu i ngā hinu pūmua
  • ● Te pūtea whakanui ake mō ngā mate me ngā kino
• ● Whakawhiti tika: E titiro ana te ao ki te COP30 hei whakatairanga i tētahi whakawhiti tika, me te whakataurite i:
  • ● Te tiakitanga o te ngahere ua o Amazon
  • ● Tautoko mō ngā whenua whakawhanake
  • ● Ngā oranga o ngā kaimahi noa

Mō ngā kamupene, he wā nui hoki te COP30 ki te arotake i ā rātou ake huarahi kore-kore, me te whakaatu i ngā auahatanga hangarau matomato.

3. Ka taea te pupuri i te mahana o te ao i roto i te 1.5°C?

Mai i te tirohanga pūtaiao, he tino uaua te pupuri i te mahana o te ao i roto i te 1.5°C anake, i te mea kei te tere pau te tahua waro e toe ana.

E ai ki ngā kaupapa here o nāianei, ko te pāmahana o tēnei rautau ka tata ki te 2.5–2.8°C. Heoi anō:

• ● E whakaatu ana ētahi aromatawai whai mana mēnā ka tere ake te whakaiti i ngā tukunga i mua i te tau 2030 e ngā whenua,
• ● Ā, ka whakaiti i ngā tukunga o te ao mā te 60% pea i te tau 2035,
• ● Tērā pea ka hoki te mahana ki raro ki te 1.5°C i te haurua tuarua o te rautau.

I tēnei tikanga, me titiro ki te 1.5°C ehara i te mea he paepae noa iho mō te whiti/te hinga, engari me titiro ki te rārangi haumaru me whai tātou kia tata tonu ki reira.

Ko te tikanga anō hoki tēnei me kaha ake te mahi a ngā rāngai katoa—te pūngao, te ahumahi, ngā whare me te kai. Mai i te whakatinanatanga o te pūngao whakahou nui ki ngā hua penapena pūngao pēnei i tā tātou pūnaha whakapūngao hau hou, he mea nui ēnei mahi katoa ki tēnei ara uaua engari he mea nui te pāmahana 1.5°C.