Kodi Chiller, Cooling Tower ndi Air Handling Unit zimagwirira ntchito limodzi bwanji kuti zipereke mpweya woziziritsa (HVAC) ku nyumba? Munkhaniyi tikambirana nkhaniyi kuti timvetse bwino mfundo zoyambira za HVAC central plant.
Momwe nsanja yoziziritsira yozizira ndi AHU zimagwirira ntchito limodzi
Zigawo zazikulu za makina oziziritsira pakati ndi izi:
- Choziziritsira
- Chipinda Choyendetsera Mpweya (AHU)
- Nsanja Yoziziritsira
- Mapampu
Choziziritsira nthawi zambiri chimakhala pansi pa nyumba kapena padenga ndipo izi zimatengera mtundu wa choziziritsira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zoziziritsira pamwamba pa nyumba nthawi zambiri zimakhala "zozizira mpweya" pomwe zoziziritsira pansi nthawi zambiri zimakhala "zozizira madzi" koma zonse zimagwira ntchito yofanana yopanga madzi ozizira kuti aziziziritsa mpweya pochotsa kutentha kosafunikira mnyumbamo. Kusiyana kokha ndi momwe choziziritsira chimatayira kutentha kosafunikira.
Ma chiller oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya amagwiritsa ntchito mafani kupumira mpweya wozizira wozungulira pamwamba pa condenser yawo kuti achotse kutentha mu dongosolo, mtundu uwu sugwiritsa ntchito nsanja yoziziritsira. Mutha kuphunzira za dongosololi ndikuwonera kanema wophunzitsira podina apa. Pankhani yotsalayi tikambirana za ma chiller oziziritsidwa ndi madzi ndi nsanja zoziziritsira.
Choziziritsira madzi chili ndi masilinda awiri akuluakulu, chimodzi chimatchedwa evaporator ndipo china chimatchedwa condenser.
Madzi ozizira:
Chotenthetsera madzi choziziritsira madzi ndi komwe "madzi ozizira" amapangidwa. "Madzi ozizira" amasiya chotenthetsera madzi pa kutentha kwa pafupifupi 6°C (42.8°F) ndipo amakankhidwira kuzungulira nyumbayo ndi pampu yamadzi ozizira. Madzi ozizira amatsikira pamwamba pa nyumbayo mpaka pansi pa mapaipi otchedwa "risers". Mapaipi awa amadziwika kuti ndi okweza madzi mosasamala kanthu kuti madzi akuyenda mmwamba kapena pansi mkati mwake.
Madzi ozizira amafalikira kuchokera pa zokwezera m'mapaipi ang'onoang'ono omwe amalowera ku mayunitsi a fan coil (FCU) ndi Air Handling Units (AHU) kuti apereke mpweya woziziritsa. Ma AHU ndi FCU kwenikweni ndi mabokosi okhala ndi mafani mkati omwe amakoka mpweya kuchokera mnyumbamo ndikuukakamiza kudutsa ma heating or cooling coils kuti asinthe kutentha kwa mpweya kenako nkukankhira mpweyawu kubwerera mnyumbamo. Madzi ozizira amalowa mu AHU/FCU ndikudutsa mu cooler coil (mapaipi angapo opyapyala) komwe amayamwa kutentha kwa mpweya womwe ukuwomba. Madzi ozizira amatentha ndipo mpweya womwe ukuwomba umazizira. Madzi ozizira akachoka mu cooler coil tsopano amakhala otentha pafupifupi 12°C (53.6°F). Madzi ozizira ofunda amabwerera ku evaporator, kudzera mu return riser, ndipo akangolowa mu evaporator, refrigerant imayamwa kutentha kosafunikira ndikusuntha uku kupita ku condenser. Madzi ozizirawo adzachokanso ozizira, okonzeka kuzungulira nyumbayo ndikusonkhanitsa kutentha kosafunikira. Dziwani: madzi ozizirawo amatchedwa "madzi ozizira" kaya ndi ofunda kapena ozizira.
Madzi a Condenser:
Choziziritsira cha choziziritsira ndi komwe kutentha kosafunikira kumasonkhanitsidwa musanatumizidwe ku nsanja zoziziritsira. Choziziritsira chimadutsa pakati pa chotenthetsera ndi choziziritsira kuti chisunthe kutentha konse kosafunikira. Chizunguliro china cha madzi, chodziwika kuti "madzi oziziritsira", chimadutsa mozungulira pakati pa choziziritsira ndi nsanja yoziziritsira. Choziziritsira chimasonkhanitsa kutentha kuchokera ku chizunguliro cha "madzi ozizira" mu choziziritsira ndikuchisuntha kupita ku chizunguliro cha "madzi oziziritsira" mu choziziritsira.
Madzi a condenser amalowa mu condenser pafupifupi 27°C (80.6°F) ndipo amadutsa, akusonkhanitsa kutentha panjira. Pofika nthawi yomwe amachoka mu condenser, kutentha kwake kudzakhala pafupifupi 32°C (89.6°F). Madzi a condenser ndi refrigerant sizimasakanikirana, nthawi zonse zimalekanitsidwa ndi khoma la chitoliro, kutentha kumadutsa pakhoma. Madzi a condenser akangodutsa mu condenser ndikutenga kutentha kosafunikira, amapita ku nsanja zoziziritsira kuti akatulutse kutentha kumeneku ndikubwezeretsa choziziritsira chokonzeka kusonkhanitsa kutentha kwina.
Nsanja yozizira:
Nsanja yoziziritsira nthawi zambiri imakhala pamwamba pa denga ndipo ndi komwe kutentha kosafunikira kumachitika mnyumbamo. Nsanja yoziziritsira imakhala ndi fan yayikulu yomwe imapumira mpweya kudzera mu chipangizocho. Madzi a condenser amapopedwa kupita ku nsanja zoziziritsira ndipo amapopedwa mumtsinje wa mpweya. Mpweya wozizira wozungulira umalowa ndikukhudzana mwachindunji ndi madzi opopera a condenser (mu nsanja yotseguka yozizira) izi zimalola kutentha kwa madzi a condenser kusamutsira mumlengalenga ndipo mpweyawu umatulutsidwa mumlengalenga. Madzi a condenser amasonkhana ndikubwerera ku condenser yoziziritsira yokonzeka kusonkhanitsa kutentha kwina. Onani maphunziro athu apadera okhudza nsanja zoziziritsira apa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Dec-09-2019
